Title |
Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium Guidelines for Cytochrome P450 2D6 Genotype and Codeine Therapy: 2014 Update
|
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Published in |
Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics, January 2014
|
DOI | 10.1038/clpt.2013.254 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
K R Crews, A Gaedigk, H M Dunnenberger, J S Leeder, T E Klein, K E Caudle, C E Haidar, D D Shen, J T Callaghan, S Sadhasivam, C A Prows, E D Kharasch, T C Skaar |
Abstract |
Codeine is bioactivated to morphine, a strong opioid agonist, by the hepatic cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6); hence, the efficacy and safety of codeine are governed by CYP2D6 activity. Polymorphisms are a major cause of CYP2D6 variability. We summarize evidence from the literature supporting this association and provide therapeutic recommendations for codeine based on CYP2D6 genotype. This document is an update to the 2012 Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium (CPIC) guidelines for CYP2D6 genotype and codeine therapy. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United States | 4 | 40% |
France | 3 | 30% |
Italy | 1 | 10% |
Canada | 1 | 10% |
Unknown | 1 | 10% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 8 | 80% |
Scientists | 2 | 20% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United States | 4 | <1% |
Brazil | 3 | <1% |
Netherlands | 1 | <1% |
United Kingdom | 1 | <1% |
Switzerland | 1 | <1% |
Unknown | 458 | 98% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Researcher | 75 | 16% |
Student > Bachelor | 64 | 14% |
Student > Master | 60 | 13% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 45 | 10% |
Other | 29 | 6% |
Other | 98 | 21% |
Unknown | 97 | 21% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Medicine and Dentistry | 104 | 22% |
Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science | 77 | 16% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 74 | 16% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 58 | 12% |
Nursing and Health Professions | 10 | 2% |
Other | 36 | 8% |
Unknown | 109 | 23% |